Sunday, May 06, 2012

Linux and Unix file systems are organized in a hierarchical structure

Linux and Unix file systems are organized in a hierarchical, tree-like. The highest level of file system is the / or root directory. In Unix and Linux design philosophy, everything is considered a file, including hard disks, partitions and removable media. This means that all files and directories (including other disks and partitions) exist under the root directory.



For example, / home / jebediah / cheeses.odt shows the (path) to a file that is in the cheeses.odt jebediah directory which is under the home directory, which is under the root directory (/).

Under the root directory (/), there is a set of important system directories that are commonly used by many other Linux distributions. Below is a listing of common directories that are directly under the root (/):

/ bin - important binary applications

/ boot - boot configuration files.

/ dev - device files (device)

/ etc - configuration files, startup scripts, etc (etc) ...

/ home - the base directory (home) to the user

/ lib - libraries needed by the system

/ lost found - provides a lost file is found to exist under the root (/)

/ media - mounted (loaded) removable media such as CD-ROM, digital cameras, etc ...

/ mnt - mount a file system

/ opt - provides a location to install additional applications (optional)

/ proc - special dynamic directory that maintains information about the condition of the system, including processes (processes) currently running

/ root - the base directory for the root, pronounced "slash-root '

/ sbin - important system binaries

/ sys - contains information about the system

/ tmp - temporary files (temporary)

/ usr - applications and files that are frequently used by the user (users)

/ var - a variable such as log files and database

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